{"id":"CVE-2006-1547","published":"2006-03-30T22:02:00Z","modified":"2026-06-16T22:23:10Z","title":"Apache Struts 1 ActionForm Denial-of-Service Vulnerability","vendor":"Apache","product":"Struts 1","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"ActionForm in Apache Software Foundation (ASF) Struts before 1.2.9 with BeanUtils 1.7 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a multipart/form-data encoded form with a parameter name that references the public getMultipartRequestHandler method, which provides further access to elements in the CommonsMultipartRequestHandler implementation and BeanUtils.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"Apache Struts 1 (versions before 1.2.9 paired with BeanUtils 1.7) contains a flaw in its ActionForm handling, in which a crafted parameter name exposes the public getMultipartRequestHandler method and the CommonsMultipartRequestHandler and BeanUtils elements behind it. A remote, unauthenticated attacker with no user interaction required can send a multipart/form-data request with such a parameter name to cause a denial of service.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-23T07:11:08Z"},"cvss":{"score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.54635,"percentile":0.99015,"date":"2026-10-28","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2022-01-21","dueDate":"2022-07-21","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"Apply updates per vendor instructions.","notes":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2006-1547","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2022-01-21","exploitedFirstSeen":"2022-01-21","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2022-01-21"}],"evidenceTotal":1,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 18, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad38c22e1848f8189d1c121","created":"2026-10-17"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-749","name":"Exposed Dangerous Method or Function"}],"references":[{"url":"http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=38534","tags":["Issue Tracking","Permissions Required"]},{"url":"http://lists.suse.com/archive/suse-security-announce/2006-May/0004.html","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"http://secunia.com/advisories/19493","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"http://secunia.com/advisories/20117","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"http://securitytracker.com/id?1015856","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://struts.apache.org/struts-doc-1.2.9/userGuide/release-notes.html","tags":["Broken Link","Exploit","Patch","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/17342","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2006/1205","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/25613","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=38534","tags":["Issue Tracking","Permissions Required"]},{"url":"http://lists.suse.com/archive/suse-security-announce/2006-May/0004.html","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"http://secunia.com/advisories/19493","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"http://secunia.com/advisories/20117","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"http://securitytracker.com/id?1015856","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://struts.apache.org/struts-doc-1.2.9/userGuide/release-notes.html","tags":["Broken Link","Exploit","Patch","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/17342","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2006/1205","tags":["Broken Link"]},{"url":"https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/25613","tags":["Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2006-1547","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1190","name":"Exploit Public-Facing Application","tactics":["initial-access"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: Remote crafted multipart form request against public web app","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a multipart/form-data encoded form","start":86,"end":177}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"},{"id":"T1499.004","name":"Application or System Exploitation","tactics":["impact"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: Application-layer DoS via crafted parameter name","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service","start":86,"end":138}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"}],"reports":[],"affected":[{"ecosystem":"Maven","package":"struts:struts","vulnerableRanges":["<1.2.9"],"patched":["1.2.9"],"from":["GHSA-7qwv-cwgj-c8rj"],"provenance":"source"}],"advisories":[{"id":"GHSA-7qwv-cwgj-c8rj","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7qwv-cwgj-c8rj","severity":"HIGH","ecosystem":"Maven","package":"struts:struts","vulnerableRanges":["<1.2.9"],"patched":["1.2.9"],"provenance":"source","from":"GHSA"}],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2022-3054","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2022-3054","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2022-01-21","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[],"exploitSources":null,"exploitRefs":["http://struts.apache.org/struts-doc-1.2.9/userGuide/release-notes.html"],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1190"],"provenance":"ai"},{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1499.004"],"provenance":"ai"}],"timeline":[{"date":"2006-03-30","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2006-1547","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-01-21","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-01-21","kind":"kev","label":"Added to CISA KEV","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-01-21","kind":"euvd-exploited","label":"ENISA EUVD: exploited","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2022-3054","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":null,"firstExploitFrom":null,"daysToKev":5776},"priority":{"score":68.1,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"added 1742 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.8,"detail":"percentile 0.9901"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":5.0,"detail":"1 NVD reference tagged Exploit"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"50 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":5.25,"detail":"base score 7.5"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]}}