{"id":"CVE-2013-1966","published":"2013-07-10T19:00:00Z","modified":"2024-08-06T15:20:37Z","title":"Apache Struts 2 before 2.3.14.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OGNL code via a crafted request that is…","vendor":null,"product":null,"tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"Apache Struts 2 before 2.3.14.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OGNL code via a crafted request that is not properly handled when using the includeParams attribute in the (1) URL or (2) A tag.","provenance":"source","from":"CVE.org"},"summary":{"text":"Apache Struts 2 before 2.3.14.2 mishandles requests that use the includeParams attribute in the URL or A tag components, creating an OGNL code injection flaw. An attacker with remote network access can send a crafted request to execute arbitrary OGNL code, with no authentication or user interaction indicated in the available data.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-29T07:19:43Z"},"cvss":null,"epss":{"score":0.73705,"percentile":0.99472,"date":"2026-10-28","provenance":"source"},"kev":null,"vulncheckKev":null,"exploited":false,"otx":{"pulseCount":0,"pulses":[],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[],"references":[{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/60166","tags":["vdb-entry","x_refsource_BID"]},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=967656","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]},{"url":"http://struts.apache.org/development/2.x/docs/s2-013.html","tags":["x_refsource_CONFIRM"]},{"url":"https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-013","tags":["x_refsource_MISC"]}],"techniques":[],"reports":[],"affected":[{"ecosystem":"Maven","package":"org.apache.struts:struts2-core","vulnerableRanges":[">=2.0.0, <2.3.14.2"],"patched":["2.3.14.2"],"from":["GHSA-737w-mh58-cxjp"],"provenance":"source"},{"ecosystem":"Maven","package":"org.apache.struts.xwork:xwork-core","vulnerableRanges":[">=2.0.0, <2.3.14.2"],"patched":["2.3.14.2"],"from":["GHSA-737w-mh58-cxjp"],"provenance":"source"}],"advisories":[{"id":"GHSA-737w-mh58-cxjp","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-737w-mh58-cxjp","severity":"HIGH","ecosystem":"Maven","package":"org.apache.struts:struts2-core","vulnerableRanges":[">=2.0.0, <2.3.14.2"],"patched":["2.3.14.2"],"provenance":"source","from":"GHSA"},{"id":"GHSA-737w-mh58-cxjp","url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-737w-mh58-cxjp","severity":"HIGH","ecosystem":"Maven","package":"org.apache.struts.xwork:xwork-core","vulnerableRanges":[">=2.0.0, <2.3.14.2"],"patched":["2.3.14.2"],"provenance":"source","from":"GHSA"}],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2022-2901","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2022-2901","exploited":false,"exploitedSince":null,"provenance":"source"},"exploits":[{"id":25980,"url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/25980","title":"Apache Struts - includeParams Remote Code Execution (Metasploit)","type":"remote","platform":"multiple","date":"2013-06-05","verified":true,"provenance":"source"}],"exploitSources":{"exploitdb":{"count":1,"earliest":"2013-06-05"},"metasploit":[{"name":"Apache Struts includeParams Remote Code Execution","module":"exploit/multi/http/struts_include_params","type":"exploit","disclosureDate":"2013-05-24","url":"https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/multi/http/struts_include_params.rb"}],"first":{"date":"2013-05-24","source":"Metasploit","url":"https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/multi/http/struts_include_params.rb"},"provenance":"source"},"exploitRefs":[],"flow":[],"timeline":[{"date":"2013-05-24","kind":"exploit-public","label":"First public exploit: Metasploit; later: Exploit-DB 2013-06-05","url":"https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/multi/http/struts_include_params.rb","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2013-07-10","kind":"published","label":"Published (CVE.org)","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2013-1966","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":null,"firstExploitFrom":"Metasploit","daysToKev":null},"priority":{"score":24.9,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":0.0,"detail":"not listed"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"not listed"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.89,"detail":"percentile 0.9947"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":5.0,"detail":"1 Exploit-DB entry; 1 Metasploit module"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":0.0,"detail":"0 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":0.0,"detail":"no CVSS"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]},"lineage":{"familyId":"fam-apache-struts-cve-2013-1965","children":[{"from":"CVE-2013-1966","to":"CVE-2013-2115","relation":"incomplete-fix","confidence":"high","kind":"lineage","orderedBy":"description","evidence":[{"kind":"text","provenance":"source","relation":"incomplete-fix","quote":"NOTE: this issue is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2013-1966.","from":"CVE.org","in":"CVE-2013-2115"},{"kind":"similar","provenance":"machine","score":0.93,"basis":"same package + description similarity"}]},{"from":"CVE-2013-1966","to":"CVE-2017-9787","relation":"related","confidence":"medium","kind":"lineage","evidence":[{"kind":"same-code","provenance":"machine","files":["xwork-core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/XWorkConstants.java","xwork-core/src/main/java/com/opensymphony/xwork2/ognl/OgnlUtil.java"],"commits":["https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/7e6f641ebb142663cbd1653dc49bed725edf7f56","https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/086b63735527d4bb0c1dd0d86a7c0374b825ff24","https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/0d6442bab5b44d93c4c2e63c5335f0a331333b92"],"basis":"shared function","functions":["OgnlUtil","XWorkConstants"]}]}],"packageHistory":[{"cve":"CVE-2012-0393","published":"2012-01-08","fixed":"2.3.1.1","kev":false},{"cve":"CVE-2011-3923","published":"2019-11-01","fixed":"2.3.1.2","kev":false},{"cve":"CVE-2012-4386","published":"2012-09-05","fixed":"2.3.4.1","kev":false,"link":{"from":"CVE-2012-4386","to":"CVE-2013-1966","relation":"successor","confidence":"low","kind":"sequence","evidence":[{"kind":"version-step","provenance":"source","package":"Maven:org.apache.struts:struts2-core","fromFixed":"2.3.4.1","toFixed":"2.3.14.2","daysApart":308}]}},{"cve":"CVE-2013-1966","published":"2013-07-10","fixed":"2.3.14.2","kev":false},{"cve":"CVE-2013-2115","published":"2013-07-10","fixed":"2.3.14.2","kev":false},{"cve":"CVE-2013-1965","published":"2013-07-10","fixed":"2.3.14.3","kev":false},{"cve":"CVE-2013-2134","published":"2013-07-16","fixed":"2.3.14.3","kev":false}],"package":"Maven:org.apache.struts:struts2-core"}}