{"id":"CVE-2018-8581","published":"2018-11-14T01:29:01Z","modified":"2026-06-17T02:05:08Z","title":"Microsoft Exchange Server Privilege Escalation Vulnerability","vendor":"Microsoft","product":"Exchange Server","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange Server, aka \"Microsoft Exchange Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability.\" This affects Microsoft Exchange Server.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"A privilege escalation flaw exists in Microsoft Exchange Server. An attacker with network access can escalate privileges, and the attack vector indicates no authentication or user interaction is required, but the attack complexity is high.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-29T07:11:01Z"},"cvss":{"score":7.4,"severity":"HIGH","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.27558,"percentile":0.98077,"date":"2026-10-31","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2022-03-03","dueDate":"2022-03-17","ransomware":true,"requiredAction":"Apply updates per vendor instructions.","notes":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-8581","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2022-03-03","exploitedFirstSeen":"2022-03-03","ransomware":true,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2022-03-03"}],"evidenceTotal":1,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":null,"cwes":[],"references":[{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105837","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1042141","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-8581","tags":["Patch","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105837","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1042141","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-8581","tags":["Patch","Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2018-8581","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1190","name":"Exploit Public-Facing Application","tactics":["initial-access"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: Public-facing Exchange server exploited remotely","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange Server","start":0,"end":75}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"},{"id":"T1068","name":"Exploitation for Privilege Escalation","tactics":["privilege-escalation"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: Successful exploitation yields elevated privileges","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange Server","start":0,"end":75}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"}],"reports":[],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2018-20198","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2018-20198","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2022-03-03","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[],"exploitSources":{"pocGithub":{"count":3,"skipped":0,"earliest":"2018-12-27","earliestUrl":"https://github.com/WyAtu/CVE-2018-8581","repos":[{"name":"Ridter/Exchange2domain","url":"https://github.com/Ridter/Exchange2domain","stars":367,"created":"2019-01-24"},{"name":"WyAtu/CVE-2018-8581","url":"https://github.com/WyAtu/CVE-2018-8581","stars":331,"created":"2018-12-27"},{"name":"qiantu88/CVE-2018-8581","url":"https://github.com/qiantu88/CVE-2018-8581","stars":5,"created":"2018-12-28"}]},"first":{"date":"2018-12-27","source":"PoC-in-GitHub","url":"https://github.com/WyAtu/CVE-2018-8581"},"provenance":"source"},"exploitRefs":[],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1190"],"provenance":"ai"},{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1068"],"provenance":"ai"}],"timeline":[{"date":"2018-11-14","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-8581","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2018-12-27","kind":"exploit-public","label":"First public exploit: PoC-in-GitHub","url":"https://github.com/WyAtu/CVE-2018-8581","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-03-03","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-03-03","kind":"kev","label":"Added to CISA KEV (known ransomware use)","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-03-03","kind":"euvd-exploited","label":"ENISA EUVD: exploited","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2018-20198","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":43,"firstExploitFrom":"PoC-in-GitHub","daysToKev":1205},"priority":{"score":74.8,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"added 1704 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":10.0,"detail":"CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV: Known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.62,"detail":"percentile 0.9808"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":5.0,"detail":"3 PoC-in-GitHub repos"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":0.0,"detail":"0 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":5.18,"detail":"base score 7.4"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]}}