{"id":"CVE-2019-12991","published":"2019-07-16T18:15:13Z","modified":"2026-06-17T02:15:52Z","title":"Citrix SD-WAN and NetScaler Command Injection Vulnerability","vendor":"Citrix","product":"SD-WAN and NetScaler","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"Citrix SD-WAN 10.2.x before 10.2.3 and NetScaler SD-WAN 10.0.x before 10.0.8 have Improper Input Validation (issue 5 of 6).","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"The flaw is an improper input validation weakness in the Citrix SD-WAN and NetScaler SD-WAN products, located in the SD-WAN component. It is an OS command injection issue, in which special elements in input are not neutralised before being passed to an operating system command. An attacker with network access and low-privilege credentials can inject operating system commands through the vulnerable input, with no user interaction required and no special configuration needed.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-31T04:54:09Z"},"cvss":{"score":8.8,"severity":"HIGH","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.7446,"percentile":0.99493,"date":"2026-10-30","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2022-03-25","dueDate":"2022-04-15","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"Apply updates per vendor instructions.","notes":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12991","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2020-12-01","exploitedFirstSeen":"2020-12-01","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348602660_An_analysis_of_the_use_of_CVEs_by_IoT_malware","date":"2020-12-01"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2022-03-25"}],"evidenceTotal":2,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 18, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad38c22e1848f8189d1c121","created":"2026-10-17"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-78","name":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command"}],"references":[{"url":"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/153638/Citrix-SD-WAN-Appliance-10.2.2-Authentication-Bypass-Remote-Command-Execution.html","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/109133","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"https://support.citrix.com/article/CTX251987","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2019-32","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/153638/Citrix-SD-WAN-Appliance-10.2.2-Authentication-Bypass-Remote-Command-Execution.html","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/109133","tags":["Broken Link","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"https://support.citrix.com/article/CTX251987","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2019-32","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2019-12991","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1190","name":"Exploit Public-Facing Application","tactics":["initial-access"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: Network appliance exploited via public-facing interface","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"Citrix SD-WAN 10.2.x before 10.2.3 and NetScaler SD-WAN","start":0,"end":55}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"}],"reports":[],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2019-4566","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2019-4566","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2022-03-25","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[{"id":47112,"url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47112","title":"Citrix SD-WAN Appliance 10.2.2 - Authentication Bypass / Remote Command Execution","type":"webapps","platform":"cgi","date":"2019-07-12","verified":true,"provenance":"source"}],"exploitSources":{"exploitdb":{"count":1,"earliest":"2019-07-12"},"first":{"date":"2019-07-12","source":"Exploit-DB","url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47112"},"provenance":"source"},"exploitRefs":["http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/153638/Citrix-SD-WAN-Appliance-10.2.2-Authentication-Bypass-Remote-Command-Execution.html","https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2019-32"],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1190"],"provenance":"ai"}],"timeline":[{"date":"2019-07-12","kind":"exploit-public","label":"First public exploit: Exploit-DB (EDB-47112)","url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47112","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2019-07-16","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12991","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2020-12-01","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348602660_An_analysis_of_the_use_of_CVEs_by_IoT_malware","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-03-25","kind":"kev","label":"Added to CISA KEV","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-03-25","kind":"euvd-exploited","label":"ENISA EUVD: exploited","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2019-4566","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":null,"firstExploitFrom":"Exploit-DB","daysToKev":983},"priority":{"score":69.1,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"added 2160 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.9,"detail":"percentile 0.9949"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":5.0,"detail":"2 NVD references tagged Exploit; 1 Exploit-DB entry"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"50 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":6.16,"detail":"base score 8.8"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]}}