{"id":"CVE-2022-22954","published":"2022-04-11T20:15:19Z","modified":"2026-06-17T04:29:14Z","title":"VMware Workspace ONE Access and Identity Manager Server-Side Template Injection Vulnerability","vendor":"VMware","product":"Workspace ONE Access and Identity Manager","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"VMware Workspace ONE Access and Identity Manager contain a remote code execution vulnerability due to server-side template injection. A malicious actor with network access can trigger a server-side template injection that may result in remote code execution.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"The flaw is a server-side template injection vulnerability in the VMware Workspace ONE Access and Identity Manager products, which allows remote code execution. An attacker with network access can trigger the server-side template injection without authentication or user interaction, potentially leading to remote code execution on the server.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-29T07:53:35Z"},"cvss":{"score":9.8,"severity":"CRITICAL","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.99998,"percentile":0.99989,"date":"2026-10-29","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2022-04-14","dueDate":"2022-05-05","ransomware":true,"requiredAction":"Apply updates per vendor instructions.","notes":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22954","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2022-04-06","exploitedFirstSeen":"2022-04-06","ransomware":true,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2022-0011.html","date":"2022-04-06"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2022-04-14"},{"url":"https://blog.morphisec.com/vmware-identity-manager-attack-backdoor","date":"2022-04-25"},{"url":"https://cisa.gov/news-events/alerts/2022/05/18/cisa-issues-emergency-directive-and-releases-advisory-related-vmware","date":"2022-05-18"},{"url":"https://cybersecurity.att.com/blogs/labs-research/rapidly-evolving-iot-malware-enemybot-now-targeting-content-management-system-servers","date":"2022-05-26"},{"url":"https://cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa22-138b","date":"2022-06-02"},{"url":"https://cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa22-174a","date":"2022-07-18"},{"url":"https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/recent-exploits-network-security-trends/","date":"2022-08-19"},{"url":"https://www.fortinet.com/blog/threat-research/multiple-malware-campaigns-target-vmware-vulnerability","date":"2022-10-20"},{"url":"https://www.cyfirma.com/outofband/inside-the-world-of-initial-access-broker-iab-insights-and-trends/","date":"2022-12-09"}],"evidenceTotal":203,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 18, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad38c22e1848f8189d1c121","created":"2026-10-17"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-94","name":"Improper Control of Generation of Code"}],"references":[{"url":"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/166935/VMware-Workspace-ONE-Access-Template-Injection-Command-Execution.html","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2022-0011.html","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/166935/VMware-Workspace-ONE-Access-Template-Injection-Command-Execution.html","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory","VDB Entry"]},{"url":"https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2022-0011.html","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-22954","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1221","name":"Template Injection","tactics":["stealth"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Other Injection","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[],"comment":"This vulnerability is exploited via server-side template injection to achieve remote code execution. This access is then used to establish backdoors. Adversaries have been observed chaining this with CVE-2022-22960 in order to escalate privileges to root. ","confidence":"low","confidenceNote":"server-side bug exploitable without user interaction; client-execution technique does not fit"},{"id":"T1505.003","name":"Web Shell","tactics":["persistence"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Other Injection","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[],"comment":"This vulnerability is exploited via server-side template injection to achieve remote code execution. This access is then used to establish backdoors. Adversaries have been observed chaining this with CVE-2022-22960 in order to escalate privileges to root. ","confidence":"high"}],"reports":[],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2022-28077","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2022-28077","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2022-04-14","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[],"exploitSources":{"pocGithub":{"count":21,"skipped":5,"earliest":"2020-10-09","earliestUrl":"https://github.com/axingde/CVE-2022-22954-POC","repos":[{"name":"Schira4396/VcenterKiller","url":"https://github.com/Schira4396/VcenterKiller","stars":1482,"created":"2022-10-04"},{"name":"sherlocksecurity/VMware-CVE-2022-22954","url":"https://github.com/sherlocksecurity/VMware-CVE-2022-22954","stars":279,"created":"2022-04-11"},{"name":"bewhale/CVE-2022-22954","url":"https://github.com/bewhale/CVE-2022-22954","stars":68,"created":"2022-04-13"},{"name":"tunelko/CVE-2022-22954-PoC","url":"https://github.com/tunelko/CVE-2022-22954-PoC","stars":16,"created":"2022-04-13"},{"name":"jax7sec/CVE-2022-22954","url":"https://github.com/jax7sec/CVE-2022-22954","stars":12,"created":"2022-04-12"}]},"metasploit":[{"name":"VMware Workspace ONE Access CVE-2022-22954","module":"exploit/linux/http/vmware_workspace_one_access_cve_2022_22954","type":"exploit","disclosureDate":"2022-04-06","url":"https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/linux/http/vmware_workspace_one_access_cve_2022_22954.rb"}],"nuclei":[{"id":"CVE-2022-22954","name":"VMware Workspace ONE Access - Server-Side Template Injection","severity":"critical","path":"http/cves/2022/CVE-2022-22954.yaml","url":"https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2022/CVE-2022-22954.yaml"}],"first":{"date":"2020-10-09","source":"PoC-in-GitHub","url":"https://github.com/axingde/CVE-2022-22954-POC"},"provenance":"source"},"detections":{"cveRules":[{"title":"Potential CVE-2022-22954 Exploitation Attempt - VMware Workspace ONE Access Remote Code Execution","id":"5660d8db-6e25-411f-b92f-094420168a5d","level":"medium","status":"test","path":"rules-emerging-threats/2022/Exploits/CVE-2022-22954/proc_creation_win_exploit_cve_2022_22954_vmware_workspace_one_rce.yml","url":"https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/blob/master/rules-emerging-threats/2022/Exploits/CVE-2022-22954/proc_creation_win_exploit_cve_2022_22954_vmware_workspace_one_rce.yml","techniques":["T1059.006","T1190"]}]},"exploitRefs":["http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/166935/VMware-Workspace-ONE-Access-Template-Injection-Command-Execution.html"],"flow":[{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1505.003"],"provenance":"source"},{"stage":"related","techniques":["T1221"],"provenance":"source","lowConfidence":true}],"timeline":[{"date":"2020-10-09","kind":"exploit-public","label":"First public exploit: PoC-in-GitHub; later: Metasploit 2022-04-06","url":"https://github.com/axingde/CVE-2022-22954-POC","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-04-06","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2022-0011.html","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-04-11","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22954","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-04-14","kind":"kev","label":"Added to CISA KEV (known ransomware use)","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2022-04-14","kind":"euvd-exploited","label":"ENISA EUVD: exploited","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2022-28077","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":null,"firstExploitFrom":"PoC-in-GitHub","daysToKev":3},"priority":{"score":79.9,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"added 1667 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":10.0,"detail":"CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV: Known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":20.0,"detail":"percentile 0.9999"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":5.0,"detail":"1 NVD reference tagged Exploit; 21 PoC-in-GitHub repos; 1 Metasploit module; 1 nuclei template"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"50 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":6.86,"detail":"base score 9.8"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]}}