{"id":"CVE-2024-40890","published":"2025-02-04T10:15:08Z","modified":"2026-06-17T07:46:48Z","title":"Zyxel DSL CPE OS Command Injection Vulnerability","vendor":"Zyxel","product":"DSL CPE Devices","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"**UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED**\nA post-authentication command injection vulnerability in the CGI program of the legacy DSL CPE Zyxel VMG4325-B10A firmware version 1.00(AAFR.4)C0_20170615 could allow an authenticated attacker to execute operating system (OS) commands on an affected device by sending a crafted HTTP POST request.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"A command injection flaw in the CGI program of Zyxel DSL CPE Devices (the legacy VMG4325-B10A, firmware 1.00(AAFR.4)C0_20170615) lets an attacker run operating system commands on the affected device. Exploitation requires an authenticated session and a crafted HTTP POST request sent to the device, with no user interaction needed.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-23T07:12:43Z"},"cvss":{"score":8.8,"severity":"HIGH","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.20703,"percentile":0.97526,"date":"2026-10-29","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2025-02-11","dueDate":"2025-03-04","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"The impacted product could be end-of-life (EoL) and/or end-of-service (EoS). Users should discontinue product utilization if a current mitigation is unavailable.","notes":"https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-command-injection-and-insecure-default-credentials-vulnerabilities-in-certain-legacy-dsl-cpe-02-04-2025 ; https://www.zyxel.com/service-provider/global/en/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-command-injection-insecure-in-certain-legacy-dsl-cpe-02-04-2025 ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40890","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2025-01-28","exploitedFirstSeen":"2025-01-28","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.greynoise.io/blog/active-exploitation-of-zero-day-zyxel-cpe-vulnerability-cve-2024-40891","date":"2025-01-28"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2025-02-11"},{"url":"https://www.loginsoft.com/reports/annually/vulnerability-intelligence-report-2025","date":"2026-01-20"}],"evidenceTotal":3,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 30, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae35d889ea92b4ce19c2680","created":"2026-10-29"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-78","name":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command"}],"references":[{"url":"https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-command-injection-and-insecure-default-credentials-vulnerabilities-in-certain-legacy-dsl-cpe-02-04-2025","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2024-40890","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1055","name":"Process Injection","tactics":["privilege-escalation","stealth"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Command Execution","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[],"comment":"Zyxel CPE contain an HTTP-based vulnerability that facilitates code execution that can lead to data exfiltration, network infiltration, and total system compromise. No public proof-of-concept exists for this exploit, and Zyxel has no intention of patching the vulnerability since the devices affected are end-of-life.","confidence":"high"},{"id":"T1011","name":"Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium","tactics":["exfiltration"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Command Execution","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[],"comment":"Zyxel CPE contain an HTTP-based vulnerability that facilitates code execution that can lead to data exfiltration, network infiltration, and total system compromise. No public proof-of-concept exists for this exploit, and Zyxel has no intention of patching the vulnerability since the devices affected are end-of-life.","confidence":"high"}],"reports":[],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2024-38809","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2024-38809","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2025-02-11","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[],"exploitSources":null,"exploitRefs":[],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1055"],"provenance":"source"},{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1011"],"provenance":"source"}],"timeline":[{"date":"2025-01-28","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://www.greynoise.io/blog/active-exploitation-of-zero-day-zyxel-cpe-vulnerability-cve-2024-40891","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-02-04","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40890","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-02-11","kind":"kev","label":"Added to CISA KEV","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-02-11","kind":"euvd-exploited","label":"ENISA EUVD: exploited","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2024-38809","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":null,"firstExploitFrom":null,"daysToKev":7},"priority":{"score":63.7,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"added 640 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.51,"detail":"percentile 0.9753"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":0.0,"detail":"none found"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"50 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":6.16,"detail":"base score 8.8"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]}}