{"id":"CVE-2025-30397","published":"2025-05-13T17:16:02Z","modified":"2026-06-17T09:08:38Z","title":"Microsoft Windows Scripting Engine Type Confusion Vulnerability","vendor":"Microsoft","product":"Windows","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in Microsoft Scripting Engine allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"The flaw is a type confusion bug in the Microsoft Scripting Engine component of Microsoft Windows, where a resource is accessed using an incompatible type. An unauthorized attacker can exploit it over a network to execute code, provided the victim performs a user interaction step and the attack complexity is high.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-31T05:10:12Z"},"cvss":{"score":7.5,"severity":"HIGH","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.27263,"percentile":0.98056,"date":"2026-10-30","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2025-05-13","dueDate":"2025-06-03","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","notes":"https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2025-30397 ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30397","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2025-05-13","exploitedFirstSeen":"2025-05-13","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://api.msrc.microsoft.com/cvrf/v3.0/cvrf/2025-May","date":"2025-05-13"},{"url":"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1lkNJ0uQwbeC1ZTRrxdtuPLCIl7mlUreoKfSIgajnSyY/edit","date":"2025-05-13"},{"url":"https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-30397","date":"2025-05-13"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2025-05-13"},{"url":"https://cyble.com/blog/weekly-cyble-vulnerability-blog/","date":"2025-06-10"},{"url":"https://www.loginsoft.com/reports/annually/vulnerability-intelligence-report-2025","date":"2026-01-20"}],"evidenceTotal":6,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 30, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae35d889ea92b4ce19c2680","created":"2026-10-29"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-843","name":"Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type"}],"references":[{"url":"https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-30397","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-30397-type-confusion-vulnerability-in-microsoft-scripting-engine-detection-script","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-30397-type-confusion-vulnerability-in-microsoft-scripting-engine-mitigation-script","tags":["Mitigation","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-30397","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1203","name":"Exploitation for Client Execution","tactics":["execution"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Type Confusion","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[],"comment":"This vulnerability has enabled attackers to use heap spraying techniques to trigger a memory corruption, allowing them to execute code remotely.","confidence":"high"},{"id":"T1059","name":"Command and Scripting Interpreter","tactics":["execution"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Type Confusion","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[],"comment":"This vulnerability has enabled attackers to use heap spraying techniques to trigger a memory corruption, allowing them to execute code remotely.","confidence":"high"}],"reports":[],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2025-14411","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-14411","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2025-05-13","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[{"id":52315,"url":"https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/52315","title":"Microsoft Windows Server 2025 JScript Engine - Remote Code Execution (RCE)","type":"remote","platform":"windows","date":"2025-06-05","verified":false,"provenance":"source"}],"exploitSources":{"exploitdb":{"count":1,"earliest":"2025-06-05"},"pocGithub":{"count":1,"skipped":0,"earliest":"2025-05-31","earliestUrl":"https://github.com/mbanyamer/CVE-2025-30397---Windows-Server-2025-JScript-RCE-Use-After-Free-","repos":[{"name":"mbanyamer/CVE-2025-30397---Windows-Server-2025-JScript-RCE-Use-After-Free-","url":"https://github.com/mbanyamer/CVE-2025-30397---Windows-Server-2025-JScript-RCE-Use-After-Free-","stars":67,"created":"2025-05-31"}]},"first":{"date":"2025-05-31","source":"PoC-in-GitHub","url":"https://github.com/mbanyamer/CVE-2025-30397---Windows-Server-2025-JScript-RCE-Use-After-Free-"},"provenance":"source"},"exploitRefs":["https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-30397-type-confusion-vulnerability-in-microsoft-scripting-engine-detection-script"],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1203"],"provenance":"source"},{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1059"],"provenance":"source"}],"timeline":[{"date":"2025-05-13","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30397","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-05-13","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://api.msrc.microsoft.com/cvrf/v3.0/cvrf/2025-May","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-05-13","kind":"kev","label":"Added to CISA KEV","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-05-13","kind":"euvd-exploited","label":"ENISA EUVD: exploited","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-14411","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-05-31","kind":"exploit-public","label":"First public exploit: PoC-in-GitHub; later: Exploit-DB 2025-06-05","url":"https://github.com/mbanyamer/CVE-2025-30397---Windows-Server-2025-JScript-RCE-Use-After-Free-","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":18,"firstExploitFrom":"PoC-in-GitHub","daysToKev":0},"priority":{"score":67.9,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"added 536 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.61,"detail":"percentile 0.9806"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":5.0,"detail":"1 NVD reference tagged Exploit; 1 Exploit-DB entry; 1 PoC-in-GitHub repo"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"50 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":5.25,"detail":"base score 7.5"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]},"lineage":{"familyId":"fam-class-microsoft-windows-cwe-843"}}