{"id":"CVE-2025-48384","published":"2025-07-08T19:15:42Z","modified":"2026-09-24T13:10:00Z","title":"Git Link Following Vulnerability","vendor":"Git","product":"Git","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations and full access to internals. When reading a config value, Git strips any trailing carriage return and line feed (CRLF). When writing a config entry, values with a trailing CR are not quoted, causing the CR to be lost when the config is later read. When initializing a submodule, if the submodule path contains a trailing CR, the altered path is read resulting in the submodule being checked out to an incorrect location. If a symlink exists that points the altered path to the submodule hooks directory, and the submodule contains an executable post-checkout hook, the script may be unintentionally executed after checkout. This vulnerability is fixed in v2.43.7, v2.44.4, v2.45.4, v2.46.4, v2.47.3, v2.48.2, v2.49.1, and v2.50.1.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"Git contains a flaw in its handling of carriage returns in config values and submodule paths, which can cause a submodule to be checked out to an incorrect location. An attacker who controls a repository can exploit this to get an executable post-checkout hook in a submodule run, provided a symlink points the altered path at the submodule hooks directory and the victim performs a submodule initialisation that requires user interaction.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-31T05:10:43Z"},"cvss":{"score":8.0,"severity":"HIGH","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.04379,"percentile":0.91273,"date":"2026-10-30","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2025-08-25","dueDate":"2025-09-15","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","notes":"This vulnerability affects a common open-source component, third-party library, or a protocol used by different products. For more information, please see: https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/GHSA-vwqx-4fm8-6qc9 ; https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:13933 ; https://alas.aws.amazon.com/AL2/ALAS2-2025-2941.html ; https://linux.oracle.com/errata/ELSA-2025-11534.html ; https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-48384 ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48384","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2025-08-25","exploitedFirstSeen":"2025-08-25","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2025-08-25"},{"url":"https://www.kucoin.com/blog/en-breaking-lazarus-group-apt38-targets-crypto-sector-with-sophisticated-phishing-campaign","date":"2025-08-28"},{"url":"https://hs-8813571.f.hubspotemail.net/hubfs/8813571/PERISCOPE_VULNINTEL_20250903.pdf","date":"2025-09-03"},{"url":"https://www.crowdstrike.com/en-us/blog/crowdstrike-falcon-blocks-git-vulnerability-cve-2025-48384/","date":"2025-10-16"},{"url":"https://www.rapid7.com/cdn/assets/bltbd2f1cd70f9e3e7f/691360b9c91291146f1a5308/threat-landscape-report-q3-2025.pdf","date":"2025-11-12"},{"url":"https://www.loginsoft.com/reports/annually/vulnerability-intelligence-report-2025","date":"2026-01-20"},{"url":"https://wwv.vulncheck.com/2026-vulncheck-exploit-intelligence-report","date":"2026-02-25"},{"url":"https://www.crowdstrike.com/explore/crowdstrike-content/crowdstrike-2026-technology-threat-landscape-report","date":"2026-06-09"},{"url":"https://view.bitsight.com/viewer/275c18689811d887dfa0368866323ed5#1","date":"2026-06-22"}],"evidenceTotal":9,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 30, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae35d889ea92b4ce19c2680","created":"2026-10-29"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-59","name":"Improper Link Resolution Before File Access"},{"id":"CWE-436","name":"Interpretation Conflict"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/git/git/security/advisories/GHSA-vwqx-4fm8-6qc9","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Sep/60","tags":["Mailing List","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/08/4","tags":["Mailing List"]},{"url":"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00003.html","tags":["Mailing List","Third Party Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-48384","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1204.002","name":"Malicious File","tactics":["execution"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: victim checks out a malicious repository submodule","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"the submodule contains an executable post-checkout hook","start":646,"end":701}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"},{"id":"T1059","name":"Command and Scripting Interpreter","tactics":["execution"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: post-checkout hook script executes on victim","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"the script may be unintentionally executed after checkout","start":703,"end":760}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"}],"reports":[],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2025-20677","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-20677","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2025-08-25","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[],"exploitSources":{"pocGithub":{"count":20,"skipped":22,"earliest":"2025-07-08","earliestUrl":"https://github.com/acheong08/CVE-2025-48384","repos":[{"name":"acheong08/CVE-2025-48384","url":"https://github.com/acheong08/CVE-2025-48384","stars":52,"created":"2025-07-08"},{"name":"liamg/CVE-2025-48384","url":"https://github.com/liamg/CVE-2025-48384","stars":21,"created":"2025-07-09"},{"name":"vinieger/vinieger-CVE-2025-48384-Dockerfile","url":"https://github.com/vinieger/vinieger-CVE-2025-48384-Dockerfile","stars":1,"created":"2025-07-11"},{"name":"IK-20211125/CVE-2025-48384","url":"https://github.com/IK-20211125/CVE-2025-48384","stars":1,"created":"2025-07-20"},{"name":"beishanxueyuan/CVE-2025-48384-test","url":"https://github.com/beishanxueyuan/CVE-2025-48384-test","stars":1,"created":"2025-08-04"}]},"first":{"date":"2025-07-08","source":"PoC-in-GitHub","url":"https://github.com/acheong08/CVE-2025-48384"},"provenance":"source"},"exploitRefs":[],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1204.002"],"provenance":"ai"},{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1059"],"provenance":"ai"}],"timeline":[{"date":"2025-07-08","kind":"published","label":"Published 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VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"added 432 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":18.25,"detail":"percentile 0.9127"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":5.0,"detail":"20 PoC-in-GitHub repos"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"50 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":5.6,"detail":"base score 8.0"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]}}