{"id":"CVE-2025-48927","published":"2025-05-28T17:15:24Z","modified":"2026-06-17T09:30:29Z","title":"TeleMessage TM SGNL Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default Vulnerability","vendor":"TeleMessage","product":"TM SGNL","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"The TeleMessage service through 2025-05-05 configures Spring Boot Actuator with an exposed heap dump endpoint at a /heapdump URI, as exploited in the wild in May 2025.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"TeleMessage's TM SGNL service has an insecure default configuration in which the Spring Boot Actuator heap dump endpoint is exposed at the /heapdump URI. An attacker with network access can reach that endpoint without authentication or user interaction, and under the configuration described, no special conditions beyond that are required.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-23T07:14:17Z"},"cvss":{"score":5.3,"severity":"MEDIUM","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.11567,"percentile":0.96023,"date":"2026-10-29","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2025-07-01","dueDate":"2025-07-22","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","notes":"It is recommended that mitigations be applied per vendor instructions if available. If these instructions cannot be located or if mitigations are unavailable, discontinue use of the product. ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48927","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2025-05-28","exploitedFirstSeen":"2025-05-28","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-48927","date":"2025-05-28"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2025-07-01"},{"url":"https://www.labs.greynoise.io/grimoire/2025-07-16-checking-the-scope-of-cve-2025-48927/","date":"2025-07-15"},{"url":"https://www.greynoise.io/blog/active-exploit-attempts-signal-based-messaging-app","date":"2025-07-17"},{"url":"https://www.rapid7.com/cdn/assets/bltbd2f1cd70f9e3e7f/691360b9c91291146f1a5308/threat-landscape-report-q3-2025.pdf","date":"2025-11-12"},{"url":"https://www.loginsoft.com/reports/annually/vulnerability-intelligence-report-2025","date":"2026-01-20"},{"url":"https://www.labs.greynoise.io/grimoire/2026-03-23-bucklog-k8s/","date":"2026-03-23"}],"evidenceTotal":7,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 30, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae35d889ea92b4ce19c2680","created":"2026-10-29"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 19, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad4dda174e5797d0bd238b7","created":"2026-10-18"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-1188","name":"Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default"}],"references":[{"url":"https://www.wired.com/story/how-the-signal-knock-off-app-telemessage-got-hacked-in-20-minutes/","tags":["Press/Media Coverage"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-48927","tags":["US Government Resource"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1212","name":"Exploitation for Credential Access","tactics":["credential-access"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Other","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[],"comment":"TeleMessage TM SNGL's Spring Boot Actuator exposes the /heapdump endpoint publicly, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to access it.","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"CTID KEV capability group \"other\" is generic"},{"id":"T1005","name":"Data from Local System","tactics":["collection"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Other","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[],"comment":"TeleMessage TM SNGL's Spring Boot Actuator exposes the /heapdump endpoint publicly, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to access it.","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"CTID KEV capability group \"other\" is generic"},{"id":"T1555","name":"Credentials from Password Stores","tactics":["credential-access"],"provenance":"source","basis":"ctid-kev","bases":["ctid-kev"],"basisDetail":"CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Other","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[],"comment":"TeleMessage TM SNGL's Spring Boot Actuator exposes the /heapdump endpoint publicly, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to access it.","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"CTID KEV capability group \"other\" is generic"}],"reports":[],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2025-16207","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-16207","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2025-07-01","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[],"exploitSources":null,"exploitRefs":[],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1212"],"provenance":"source"},{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1555","T1005"],"provenance":"source"}],"timeline":[{"date":"2025-05-28","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48927","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-05-28","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-48927","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-07-01","kind":"kev","label":"Added to CISA KEV","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-07-01","kind":"euvd-exploited","label":"ENISA EUVD: exploited","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-16207","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":null,"firstExploitFrom":null,"daysToKev":34},"priority":{"score":60.9,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":0.0,"detail":"added 520 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.2,"detail":"percentile 0.9602"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":0.0,"detail":"none found"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"50 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":3.71,"detail":"base score 5.3"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]},"lineage":{"children":[{"from":"CVE-2025-48927","to":"CVE-2025-53602","relation":"related","confidence":"low","kind":"lineage","evidence":[{"kind":"text","provenance":"source","relation":"related","quote":"Zipkin through 3.5.1 has a /heapdump endpoint (associated with the use of Spring Boot Actuator), a similar issue to CVE-2025-48927.","from":"CVE.org","in":"CVE-2025-53602"}]}]}}