{"id":"CVE-2025-64328","published":"2025-11-07T04:15:47Z","modified":"2026-06-17T15:45:21Z","title":"Sangoma FreePBX OS Command Injection Vulnerability","vendor":"Sangoma","product":"FreePBX ","tier":"core","eol":null,"description":{"text":"FreePBX Endpoint Manager is a module for managing telephony endpoints in FreePBX systems. In versions 17.0.2.36 and above before 17.0.3, the filestore module within the Administrative interface is vulnerable to a post-authentication command injection by an authenticated known user via the testconnection -> check_ssh_connect() function. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to obtain remote access to the system as an asterisk user. This issue is fixed in version 17.0.3.","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"summary":{"text":"Sangoma FreePBX (the filestore module within its Administrative interface, as part of FreePBX Endpoint Manager) contains an OS command injection flaw in the testconnection workflow, specifically the check_ssh_connect() function, affecting versions 17.0.2.36 and above before 17.0.3. An authenticated user with valid credentials can exploit this post-authentication, without requiring any user interaction, to gain remote access to the system as the asterisk user.","provenance":"ai","model":"claude-haiku-5-5","generatedAt":"2026-10-29T13:44:38Z"},"cvss":{"score":7.2,"severity":"HIGH","version":"3.1","vector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","provenance":"source","from":"NVD"},"epss":{"score":0.84618,"percentile":0.99703,"date":"2026-10-29","provenance":"source"},"kev":{"dateAdded":"2026-02-03","dueDate":"2026-02-24","ransomware":false,"requiredAction":"Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.","notes":"https://github.com/FreePBX/security-reporting/security/advisories/GHSA-vm9p-46mv-5xvw ; https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64328","provenance":"source"},"vulncheckKev":{"dateAdded":"2026-01-28","exploitedFirstSeen":"2026-01-28","ransomware":false,"evidence":[{"url":"https://www.fortinet.com/blog/threat-research/unveiling-the-weaponized-web-shell-encystphp","date":"2026-01-28"},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/feeds/known_exploited_vulnerabilities.json","date":"2026-02-03"},{"url":"https://x.com/Shadowserver/status/2026375830566314386","date":"2026-02-24"},{"url":"https://tracker.crowdsec.net/cves/CVE-2025-64328","date":"2026-04-02"},{"url":"https://cyble.com/blog/jomangy-inj3ctor3s-self-healing-freepbx-toll-fraud-campaign/","date":"2026-05-21"}],"evidenceTotal":5,"provenance":"source"},"exploited":true,"otx":{"pulseCount":50,"pulses":[{"name":"From Hijacked Pbx To Stolen Trunk Inj3ctor3s Campaign","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae3706fa734f9bc58705e02","created":"2026-10-29"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 30, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae35d889ea92b4ce19c2680","created":"2026-10-29"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 29, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae20c1db17e7057ae7d9ad1","created":"2026-10-28"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 28, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ae0ba7e0e2a97ff7b218819","created":"2026-10-27"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 27, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adf68b85c3e852f3c111d18","created":"2026-10-26"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 24, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6adb740e397c3ad4799aa4cd","created":"2026-10-23"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 23, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ada236fcfba2dfa730ea482","created":"2026-10-22"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 22, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad8d33a077cbb5cab524d80","created":"2026-10-21"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 21, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad78130c4d1ac2be83a8b6d","created":"2026-10-20"},{"name":"Actively_Exploited_Kev | Oct 20, 2026","url":"https://otx.alienvault.com/pulse/6ad62f63c24a405a3423cc13","created":"2026-10-19"}],"provenance":"machine"},"cwes":[{"id":"CWE-78","name":"Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command"}],"references":[{"url":"https://github.com/FreePBX/filestore/blob/f0e3983059271efd80b483ec823310ef19a59013/drivers/SSH/testconnection.php#L2","tags":["Product"]},{"url":"https://github.com/FreePBX/security-reporting/security/advisories/GHSA-vm9p-46mv-5xvw","tags":["Vendor Advisory","Mitigation"]},{"url":"https://www.freepbx.org/watch-what-we-do-with-security-fixes-%f0%9f%91%80","tags":["Vendor Advisory"]},{"url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-64328","tags":["Third Party Advisory","US Government Resource"]},{"url":"https://www.fortinet.com/blog/threat-research/unveiling-the-weaponized-web-shell-encystphp","tags":["Exploit","Third Party Advisory"]}],"techniques":[{"id":"T1190","name":"Exploit Public-Facing Application","tactics":["initial-access"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: web admin interface command injection entry point","mappingType":"exploitation_technique","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"the filestore module within the Administrative interface is vulnerable to a post-authentication command injection","start":137,"end":250}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"},{"id":"T1059","name":"Command and Scripting Interpreter","tactics":["execution"],"provenance":"ai","basis":"ai-mapping","bases":["ai-mapping"],"basisDetail":"claude-haiku-5-5: injected OS commands executed on the system","mappingType":"primary_impact","evidence":[{"from":"description","quote":"command injection by an authenticated known user via the testconnection","start":233,"end":304}],"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","confidence":"medium","confidenceNote":"AI-mapped from the description (quote-validated, not expert-reviewed)"}],"reports":[],"affected":[],"advisories":[],"euvd":{"id":"EUVD-2025-38232","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-38232","exploited":true,"exploitedSince":"2026-02-03","provenance":"source"},"exploits":[],"exploitSources":{"pocGithub":{"count":1,"skipped":0,"earliest":"2025-11-15","earliestUrl":"https://github.com/mcorybillington/CVE-2025-64328_FreePBX-framework-Command-Injection","repos":[{"name":"mcorybillington/CVE-2025-64328_FreePBX-framework-Command-Injection","url":"https://github.com/mcorybillington/CVE-2025-64328_FreePBX-framework-Command-Injection","stars":0,"created":"2025-11-15"}]},"metasploit":[{"name":"FreePBX filestore authenticated command injection","module":"exploit/unix/http/freepbx_filestore_cmd_injection","type":"exploit","disclosureDate":"2025-11-08","url":"https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/unix/http/freepbx_filestore_cmd_injection.rb"}],"nuclei":[{"id":"CVE-2025-64328","name":"FreePBX  >= 17.0.2.36 && < 17.0.3 - Authenticated Command Injection","severity":"critical","path":"http/cves/2025/CVE-2025-64328.yaml","url":"https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2025/CVE-2025-64328.yaml"}],"first":{"date":"2025-11-08","source":"Metasploit","url":"https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/unix/http/freepbx_filestore_cmd_injection.rb"},"provenance":"source"},"exploitRefs":["https://www.fortinet.com/blog/threat-research/unveiling-the-weaponized-web-shell-encystphp"],"flow":[{"stage":"exploitation","techniques":["T1190"],"provenance":"ai"},{"stage":"primary","techniques":["T1059"],"provenance":"ai"}],"timeline":[{"date":"2025-11-07","kind":"published","label":"Published (NVD)","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64328","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2025-11-08","kind":"exploit-public","label":"First public exploit: Metasploit; later: PoC-in-GitHub 2025-11-15","url":"https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/unix/http/freepbx_filestore_cmd_injection.rb","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2026-01-28","kind":"exploited-reported","label":"Exploitation first reported (VulnCheck KEV evidence)","url":"https://www.fortinet.com/blog/threat-research/unveiling-the-weaponized-web-shell-encystphp","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2026-02-03","kind":"kev","label":"Added to CISA KEV","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog","provenance":"source"},{"date":"2026-02-03","kind":"euvd-exploited","label":"ENISA EUVD: exploited","url":"https://euvd.enisa.europa.eu/vulnerability/EUVD-2025-38232","provenance":"source"}],"speed":{"daysToPublicExploit":1,"firstExploitFrom":"Metasploit","daysToKev":88},"priority":{"score":73.0,"factors":[{"name":"In a KEV catalog","points":35.0,"detail":"listed in CISA KEV and VulnCheck KEV"},{"name":"Recent KEV listing","points":5.0,"detail":"added 275 days ago"},{"name":"Known ransomware use","points":0.0,"detail":"not known"},{"name":"EPSS percentile","points":19.94,"detail":"percentile 0.9970"},{"name":"Named in threat reports","points":0.0,"detail":"0 reports"},{"name":"Public exploit code","points":5.0,"detail":"1 NVD reference tagged Exploit; 1 PoC-in-GitHub repo; 1 Metasploit module; 1 nuclei template"},{"name":"Mentioned in OTX pulses","points":3.0,"detail":"50 pulses"},{"name":"CVSS severity","points":5.04,"detail":"base score 7.2"},{"name":"End-of-life product","points":0.0,"detail":"supported or unknown"}]}}