Patchfirst
CVE-2020-0688 KEVRansomwarePublic exploit High · 8.8 EPSS >99.9%

Microsoft Exchange Server Validation Key Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Microsoft · Exchange Server

Summary

The Microsoft Exchange Server vulnerability is a remote code execution flaw in the Exchange software, where it fails to properly handle objects in memory, which leads to memory corruption. An attacker with network access and low-privileged authentication can exploit it without any user interaction to run code, with high impact to confidentiality, integrity and availability.

Official description · NVD

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange software when the software fails to properly handle objects in memory, aka 'Microsoft Exchange Memory Corruption Vulnerability'.

Breakdown
86.9 / 100
Exploited
Yes, in CISA KEV
Reports
3
Tactics
4/15

How an attack unfolds

Based on mappings. Select a step to see the evidence.
  1. How attackers get in

  2. What they do

  3. What can follow

First seen exploited 28 days after disclosure. Public exploit code (Metasploit) was available the same day.

  1. DisclosedPublic exploit codeMetasploitday 0
  2. First seen exploitedVulnCheck KEV evidence+28 days
  3. Added to CISA KEVknown ransomware use; EU database agrees+21 mo

CISA KEV listing is when exploitation was confirmed, not necessarily the first attack.

techniques

4 , grouped by in kill-chain order, 1 cited passage 4

Initial AccessTA0001

Exploit Public-Facing Application T1190 Medium
MITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · how it is exploited

CVE-2020-0688 is a RCE vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange software when the software fails to properly handle objects in memory. A nation-state APT actor has been observed exploiting this vulnerability to conduct widespread, distributed, and anonymized brute force access attempts against hundreds of government and private sector targets worldwide.

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Gelsemium exploits the vulnerability CVE-2020- 0688 .
Eset gelsemium web-assets.esetstatic.com Original (opens in a new tab) ↗

PersistenceTA0003

Web Shell T1505.003 Medium
MITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · follow-on activity

Credential AccessTA0006

Brute Force T1110 Medium
MITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · primary impact

CollectionTA0009

Email Collection T1114 Medium
MITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · primary impact

CVE-2020-0688 is a remote code execution vulnerability exists in Microsoft Exchange Server. CISA has observed the actors exploiting CVE-2020-0688 for remote code execution to enable email collection of targeted networks. Also, Threat actors used credentials in conjunction with known vulnerabilities on public-facing applications, such as virtual private networks (VPNs)—CVE-2020-0688 and CVE-2020-17144—to escalate privileges and gain remote code execution (RCE) on the exposed applications.

Lower-confidence links (2)

These come from early or generic mappings, text matching, or contradict this CVE’s details (for example a public-facing technique on a bug that needs a user to open a file). Shown for completeness.

  • Exploitation for Privilege EscalationT1068 CTID attack_to_cve Phase 1 "Uncategorized" mapping (not staged by impact)
  • Hijack Execution FlowT1574 CTID attack_to_cve Phase 1 "Uncategorized" mapping (not staged by impact)

Detection

3 rules for this CVE · 213 general rules for its techniques

Rules for this CVE

3 that reference CVE-2020-0688 directly.

General rules for this CVE’s techniques

These detect the technique in general, not this specific vulnerability.

Exploit Public-Facing ApplicationT1190149 general rules
Brute ForceT111025 general rules
Email CollectionT11144 general rules
Web ShellT1505.00335 general rules

Sigma rules © SigmaHQ, Detection Rule License 1.1; linked, not reproduced.

What security researchers reported

Named in 3 threat reports
3 reportsCISAweb-assets.esetstatic.commedia.defense.gov

Reports are matched by finding the exact id CVE-2020-0688 in their text; nobody has reviewed the match. One passage is shown per report, at most 320 characters, linked to the original.

Also mentioned in 50 community threat pulses (AlienVault OTX)

Weaker evidence

Pulses are indicator collections that anyone can publish. A mention is not confirmation of exploitation.

References

5 links, grouped by NVD tag (4 duplicates merged)
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