T1041Exfiltration
Exfiltration Over C2 Channel
Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over an existing command and control channel. Stolen data is encoded into the normal communications channel using the same protocol as command and control communications.
CVEs12
In CISA KEVThe US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency’s list of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities. A CVE is added when CISA has evidence that attackers are using it.12
Reports0
Detections
5 Sigma rules tagged T1041Exfiltration Over C2 ChannelT10415 general rules
- Equation Group C2 Communicationhightest
- OpenCanary - TFTP Requesthightest
- Shai-Hulud NPM Package Malicious Exfiltration via Curlhighexperimental
- Network Communication Initiated To Portmap.IO Domainmediumtest
- Tunneling Tool Executionmediumtest
Sigma rules © SigmaHQ, Detection Rule License 1.1; linked, not reproduced.
CVEs linked to Exfiltration Over C2 Channel
12 CVEs, by priority. Each link shows its badge.- CVE-2019-0604Microsoft SharePoint Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityMicrosoft · SharePointKEVRansomwarePublic exploitCritical · 9.8T1608.001Upload MalwareT1190Exploit Public-Facing Application+3 more · 4 reportsMITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · primary impact99.9%Top 0.03%88.8priority
- CVE-2019-18935Progress Telerik UI for ASP.NET AJAX Deserialization of Untrusted Data VulnerabilityProgress · Telerik UI for ASP.NET AJAXKEVRansomwarePublic exploitCritical · 9.8T1190Exploit Public-Facing ApplicationT1505.003Web Shell+2 more · 1 reportMITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · primary impact99.7%Top 0.05%83.7priority
- CVE-2023-38831RARLAB WinRAR Code Execution VulnerabilityRARLAB · WinRARKEVRansomwarePublic exploitHigh · 7.8T1204User ExecutionT1053Scheduled Task/Job+5 more · 1 reportMITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · follow-on activity99.8%Top 0.04%82.3priority
- CVE-2024-4577PHP-CGI OS Command Injection VulnerabilityPHP Group · PHPKEVRansomwarePublic exploitCritical · 9.8T1190Exploit Public-Facing ApplicationT1059Command and Scripting Interpreter+10 moreMITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · follow-on activity>99.9%Top 0.02%79.9priority
- CVE-2025-32756Fortinet Multiple Products Stack-Based Buffer Overflow VulnerabilityFortinet · Multiple ProductsKEVPublic exploitCritical · 9.8T1608.001Upload MalwareT1133External Remote Services+5 moreMITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · follow-on activity30.9%Top 1.7%79.5priority
- CVE-2024-55550Mitel MiCollab Path Traversal VulnerabilityMitel · MiCollabKEVRansomwarePublic exploitLow · 2.7T1190Exploit Public-Facing ApplicationT1005Data from Local System+1 moreMITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · follow-on activity38.2%Top 1.4%74.6priority
- CVE-2023-2868Barracuda Networks ESG Appliance Improper Input Validation VulnerabilityBarracuda Networks · Email Security Gateway (ESG) ApplianceKEVPublic exploitCritical · 9.8T1566.001Spearphishing AttachmentT1059Command and Scripting Interpreter+2 moreMITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · follow-on activity86.8%Top 0.26%69.8priority
- CVE-2023-1389TP-Link Archer AX-21 Command Injection VulnerabilityMITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · follow-on activity>99.9%Top 0.01%69.2priority
- CVE-2025-33053Microsoft Windows External Control of File Name or Path VulnerabilityMicrosoft · WindowsKEVPublic exploitHigh · 8.8T1566.001Spearphishing AttachmentT1059Command and Scripting Interpreter+3 moreMITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · follow-on activity87.0%Top 0.25%69.1priority
- CVE-2018-4878Adobe Flash Player Use-After-Free VulnerabilityAdobe · Flash PlayerKEVRansomwarePublic exploitEnd of lifeHigh · 7.8T1204.002Malicious FileT1219Remote Access Tools+1 more · 1 reportMITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · follow-on activity90.3%Top 0.2%67.3priority
- CVE-2024-27443Synacor Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS) Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) VulnerabilitySynacor · Zimbra Collaboration Suite (ZCS)KEVPublic exploitMedium · 6.1T1566.002Spearphishing LinkT1059.004Unix Shell+2 moreMITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · follow-on activity24.6%Top 2.1%66.8priority
- CVE-2023-5631Roundcube Webmail Persistent Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) VulnerabilityMITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · follow-on activity76.3%Top 0.46%66.7priority