SummaryAI-written · claude-haiku-5-5AI-written · claude-haiku-5-5Written by a language model from the source data on this page. Not reviewed by a person. Generated 30 Oct 2026.
Apache Struts, a Java web application framework, contains a flaw where forced OGNL evaluation of raw user input in tag attributes can occur, in the Struts 2 series from 2.0.0 through 2.5.25. An attacker who can send requests to an affected application without authentication or user interaction may be able to achieve remote code execution, provided the application evaluates unsanitised input in those tag attributes.
Official description · NVDSource dataSource dataCopied from an authoritative feed: NVD, CVE.org, CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS or MITRE CTID mappings, or labelled by the annotators of a published dataset. Copied from NVD.
Forced OGNL evaluation, when evaluated on raw user input in tag attributes, may lead to remote code execution. Affected software : Apache Struts 2.0.0 - Struts 2.5.25.
Priority scorePatchfirst’s 0 to 100 ranking. It adds points for CISA KEV listing, ransomware use, EPSS, threat reports, public exploit code and CVSS. Every CVE page shows the breakdown.Breakdown
69.8 / 100
Exploited
Yes, in CISA KEV
Reports
0
Tactics
2/15
How an attack unfolds
Based on MITRE ATT&CKA public catalogue of the techniques attackers use, maintained by MITRE. Patchfirst uses it to describe what attackers do with a vulnerability. mappings. Select a step to see the evidence.
Exploitation timelineDated milestones for a CVE: when it was disclosed, when exploit code became public, when exploitation was confirmed, and when threat reports named it.
First seen exploited 4 months after disclosure. Public exploit code (Metasploit) was available 3 months before disclosure.
CISA KEV listing is when exploitation was confirmed, not necessarily the first attack.
Patch historyEarlier and later CVEs in the same code, in date order. It shows when a fix was bypassed or incomplete and which version finally fixed it.
A fix was bypassed or incomplete once over 16 months. The latest fix listed for struts2-core is 6.1.2.1.
Same bug familyLinked by evidence that a fix failed or the same code was patched again. Oldest first.
This CVECVE-2020-17530Struts Remote Code Execution11 Dec 2020KEV
incomplete fixHigh
Why these are linked: Link confidenceHow strong the evidence is that two CVEs are related. High: stated in the CVE text or linked in an advisory, or the same code was patched one release apart. Medium: the same code, or a version step plus a similar description. Low: similar description only.
Stated in the CVE textThe fix issued for CVE-2020-17530 was incomplete.
Fixed one release later2.5.26 → 2.5.30 (org.apache.struts:struts2-core)
Similar weakness in the same product (machine-matched)same product + CWE + description similarity
CVE-2021-31805Forced OGNL evaluation, when evaluated on raw not validated user…12 Apr 2022
Fixes in struts2-coreMaven package, by fixed version. Earlier and later fixes in the same package, not necessarily the same bug.
MITRE ATT&CKA public catalogue of the techniques attackers use, maintained by MITRE. Patchfirst uses it to describe what attackers do with a vulnerability. techniques
2 TechniqueOne specific attacker behaviour in MITRE ATT&CK, such as T1190 “Exploit Public-Facing Application”. IDs with a dot, like T1059.004, are sub-techniques., grouped by TacticThe attacker’s goal at a stage of an attack in MITRE ATT&CK, such as Initial Access or Persistence. Each technique belongs to one or more tactics. in kill-chain orderSourceSource dataCopied from an authoritative feed: NVD, CVE.org, CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS or MITRE CTID mappings, or labelled by the annotators of a published dataset.2
Initial AccessTA0001
Exploit Public-Facing ApplicationT1190Medium Confidence (technique links)How sure Patchfirst is that an ATT&CK technique applies to this CVE. High and medium links are shown by default; low ones come from early or generic mappings, text matching, or contradict the CVE’s details.
Source dataSource dataCopied from an authoritative feed: NVD, CVE.org, CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS or MITRE CTID mappings, or labelled by the annotators of a published dataset. CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Code Execution.MITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · how it is exploited
CVE-2020-17530 is a remote code execution vulnerability in Apache Struts versions 2.0.0 - 2.5.25 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via forced Object Graph Navigational Language (OGNL) evaluation on raw user input in tag attributes.
ExecutionTA0002
Command and Scripting InterpreterT1059Medium Confidence (technique links)How sure Patchfirst is that an ATT&CK technique applies to this CVE. High and medium links are shown by default; low ones come from early or generic mappings, text matching, or contradict the CVE’s details.
Source dataSource dataCopied from an authoritative feed: NVD, CVE.org, CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS or MITRE CTID mappings, or labelled by the annotators of a published dataset. CTID Mappings Explorer KEV 07/28/2025 (ATT&CK 16.1); capability: Code Execution.MITRE CTID mapping of the KEV entry · primary impact
CVE-2020-17530 is a remote code execution vulnerability in Apache Struts versions 2.0.0 - 2.5.25 allows an attacker to execute code via forced Object Graph Navigational Language (OGNL).
Detection
0 rules for this CVE · 244 general rules for its techniques
Rules for this CVE
0Sigma ruleAn open, vendor-neutral detection rule for log data. Security teams convert Sigma rules into searches for their own SIEM. that reference CVE-2020-17530 directly.
CVE-specific rules are not available in this build. Search SigmaHQ ↗
General rules for this CVE’s techniques
These detect the technique in general, not this specific vulnerability.
From GitHub Security Advisories and OSVSourceSource dataCopied from an authoritative feed: NVD, CVE.org, CISA KEV, FIRST EPSS or MITRE CTID mappings, or labelled by the annotators of a published dataset. GitHub Security Advisories and OSV.
1 package in 1 ecosystem. Main package: org.apache.struts:struts2-core.